CHILD PSYCHIATRY
The study, treatment, and prevention of psychiatric disorders of childhood—including transient reactions, habit disturbances, conduct disturbances, neurotic traits, neuroses, and…
COLOR CIRCLE
A circular arrangement of chromatic colors in the order in which they appear in the spectrum. The purpose of the…
CHILD PSYCHOLOGY
The scientific study of the behavior and development of the child from the time of conception to the beginning of…
COLOR REACTIONS
The most important fact here is that the organism as a whole, and not just the visual system, is involved…
CHOLINERGIC
Activated or transmitted by acetylcholine. Acetylcholine is one of the two types of “chemical transmitters” in the nervous system; the…
COLOR SOLID
A three-dimensional figure representing all degrees and combinations of hue, saturation, and brightness in the perception of color; also called…
CINGULATE GYRUS (Literally “ring- shaped ridge”)
The cortical part of the limbic system of the brain, lying just above the corpus callosum (plate 1).Although the functions…
CIRCUMSTANTIALITY
Circuitous, “labyrinthine” speech; the inclusion of numerous trivial and often irrelevant details in relating an incident, explaining a point, or…
CIVILIAN CATASTROPHE REACTIONS
Transient situational personality disorders resulting from severely traumatic experiences in civilian life, classified by the American Psychiatric Association (1952) under…
CLANG ASSOCIATION
An association of words or ideas by similarity of sound.Young children often use clang associations when they talk or sing…
CLIENT-CENTERED THERAPY
The nondirective approach developed by Carl Rogers, in which psychotherapy is viewed as an opportunity for the patient to grow…
CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
A field of psychology devoted to psychological methods of diagnosing and treating mental and emotional disorders, as well as research…
CLOUDING OF CONSCIOUSNESS
A mental disturbance in which the individual is unable to perceive, understand, and think clearly.When a patient’s consciousness becomes clouded…
CEREBRAL CORTEX
The gray “bark,” or surface layer of the cerebral hemispheres, containing the nerve cells involved in the higher mental processes.…
CHARACTER DEVELOPMENT
As used here, character development refers to the development of conscience, moral concepts, religious values, and social attitudes in the…
Conscience development
Psychologists recognize that many factors contribute to the development of conscience: parents and home life, playmates and schoolmates, teachers, neighborhood,…
CHARCOT, JEAN-MARTIN (1825- 93)
Charcot, regarded as the founder of clinical neurology, was born in Paris and received his medical degree from that city’s…
CHEMOTHERAPY
The use of psychoactive (psychotropic) drugs in the treatment of mental disorder. Chemotherapy is a branch of the larger field…
CANAJLIZATION
A tendency to channel needs into specific, fixed gratifications.The hunger drive is unselective in the first few years. Young children…
CANNON, WALTER BRADFORD (1871-1945)
Cannon, America’s foremost physiologist, was associated with the Harvard Medical School during his entire career—first as student, then as instructor…