MENTAL RETARDATION (CAUSES)
Mental retardation is not a single disorder, syndrome, or clinical entity. Rather, it is a symptom associated with a large…
MASCULINE PROTEST
A term applied by Alfred Adler to an urge to escape from the feminine role in life.The masculine protest occurs…
MANIC-DEPRESSIVE REACTION (GENERAL)
A group of affective psychotic reactions characterized by a predominant mood of elation or depression, accompanied by related disturbances of…
MANIC-DEPRESSIVE REACTION (DEPRESSIVE PHASE)
Depressive reactions frequently occur in persons who have a history of manic episodes, butare even more often the sole expression…
MANIPULATIVE DRIVE
A general drive to handle and examine objects, not clearly distinguishable from the curiosity or exploratory drive.Early in this century…
MASCULINITY-FEMININITY TESTS
A number of tests have been designed to measure the degree of masculinity and femininity. The first to be developed,…
MENTAL PATIENT ORGANIZATIONS
Social clubs or other organizations formed to help former mental patients readjust to community life.These organizations are based on the…
MENTAL HEALTH AND ECONOMIC LEVEL
A recent and promising development in the mental health field is the long-overdue recognition that patients on different socioeconomic levels…
MELANCHOLIC PERSONALITY
A personality pattern disturbance characterized by a constant mild depression and an inability to enjoy life.Melancholic individuals are subdued and…
MERCURY POISONING
A toxic disorder produced by inhalation of mercury; classified by the American Psychiatric Association under brain syndromes resulting from drug…
MAPLE SUGAR URINE DISEASE
A rare disorder affecting amino acid metabolism shortly after birth, and leading to mental retardation. It is believed to be…
MENINGOVASCULAR SYPHILIS
Aform of cerebral syphilis in which the blood vessels and brain coverings (meninges) are attacked by the spirochete germ. The…
MARRIAGE THERAPY
Psychotherapy directed to improving the marital relationship, and “centered on the effortthe psychodynamics and behavior of two persons who are…
MASS HYSTERIA
These terms are applied primarilyto the “psychic epidemics” which have at times swept through an entire population. The most vivid…
MANIC-DEPRESSIVE REACTION (THERAPY AND PROGNOSIS)
Thefirst aim in the treatment of manic reactions is to control hyperactivity, and this can often be accomplished through theuse…
MANIC-DEPRESSIVE REACTION (ETIOLOGY)
contributory role in manic-depressive reactions. They do not, however, agree on the relative weight to be assigned to heredity, constitution,…
MENTAL RETARDATION (PREVENTION, CARE, AND TREATMENT)
Considerable progress has been made in the care and treatment of the mentally retarded in recent years. In the past…
METABOLIC DISORDERS
Many psychiatric conditions result from disturbances in the chemical processes of the body—that is, disturbances of metabolism. Disorders of this…
MESMER, FRANZ ANTON (1734- 1815)
Mesmer, the controversial precursor of hypnotherapy, was born in Austria, studied philosophy at a Jesuit university in Bavaria, and medicine…