COLOR CIRCLE
A circular arrangement of chromatic colors in the order in which they appear in the spectrum. The purpose of the…
CHILD ABUSE (The Battered-Child Syndrome)
Maltreatment of children, especially by those entrusted with their care.Child abuse has a long and sordid history, dating back to…
CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
A field of psychology devoted to psychological methods of diagnosing and treating mental and emotional disorders, as well as research…
CINGULATE GYRUS (Literally “ring- shaped ridge”)
The cortical part of the limbic system of the brain, lying just above the corpus callosum (plate 1).Although the functions…
COGNITIVE DISSONANCE (Dissonance Theory)
A state of conflict occurring when beliefs or assumptions are contradicted by new information. Dissonance theory holds that the conflict…
CLANG ASSOCIATION
An association of words or ideas by similarity of sound.Young children often use clang associations when they talk or sing…
COCAINE HABITUATION
Psychological dependence on cocaine resulting in habitual use.Cocaine, a drug derived from the leaves of the coca plant and long…
CIRCUMSTANTIALITY
Circuitous, “labyrinthine” speech; the inclusion of numerous trivial and often irrelevant details in relating an incident, explaining a point, or…
COLOR SOLID
A three-dimensional figure representing all degrees and combinations of hue, saturation, and brightness in the perception of color; also called…
CHILD PSYCHIATRY
The study, treatment, and prevention of psychiatric disorders of childhood—including transient reactions, habit disturbances, conduct disturbances, neurotic traits, neuroses, and…
CEREBRAL CORTEX
The gray “bark,” or surface layer of the cerebral hemispheres, containing the nerve cells involved in the higher mental processes.…
CANNON, WALTER BRADFORD (1871-1945)
Cannon, America’s foremost physiologist, was associated with the Harvard Medical School during his entire career—first as student, then as instructor…
CEREBELLUM
A roughly spherical part of the hindbrain, located beneath the cerebral hemispheres (plate 1). The structure gets its name, which…
CANAJLIZATION
A tendency to channel needs into specific, fixed gratifications.The hunger drive is unselective in the first few years. Young children…
BULIMIA (Hyperorexia, Polyphagia)
Insatiable hunger; pathological overeating.The psychological drive to overeat is usually classified as a psychophysiologic disorder of the gastrointestinal system, although…
CHARCOT, JEAN-MARTIN (1825- 93)
Charcot, regarded as the founder of clinical neurology, was born in Paris and received his medical degree from that city’s…
CEREA FLEXIBILITAS (Waxy Flexibility)
A common symptom of catatonic schizophrenia in which the limbs of the patient remain in any position in which they…
CHARACTER DEVELOPMENT
As used here, character development refers to the development of conscience, moral concepts, religious values, and social attitudes in the…
Conscience development
Psychologists recognize that many factors contribute to the development of conscience: parents and home life, playmates and schoolmates, teachers, neighborhood,…
BROMIDE INTOXICATION
A toxic disorder produced by excessive use of bromides, usually taken to relieve tension, alleviate physical discomfort or induce sleep.Bromide…