Neurology

n23

DELAYED REINFORCEMENT

Reinforcement that happens after a response. Delay may be signaled or unsignaled.

DESCRIPTIVE NORMS

The socially determined standards or morms describing how people react , feel and think in any given situation. Compare injunctive

DEVELOPMENTAL TASK

Any physical, social, intellectual and emotional ability or acheivement needed to be acquired at each developmental stage of life. See

DIFFERENTIAL EFFECT

Parapsychology. The higher than chance a particpant has in being right using zener cards. See decline effect- focusing effect- position

DISCONTINUITY THEORY

Compare to continuity hypothesis. See all-or-none learning hypothesis- eureka task.

DISINHIBITION

1. Lessening or loss of normal control exerted by the cerebral cortex. 2. Conditioning experiments where a response has been

DISYNAPTIC ARC

The neural arc where there is an interneuron between a sensory and a motor neuron. See reflex arc.

DOUBLE BIND

The situation where a person recieves contradictory messages from one person or from different people.

DUAL REPRESENTATION

Being able to comprehend an object as itself and representing another thing. Also called dual encoding- dual orientation.

DYSEXECUTIVE SYNDROME (DES)

A collection of symptoms that involve impaired executive control over actions. Caused by frontal lobe brain damage.

ECOLOGICAL VALIDITY

1. The degree where results obtained from research are representative to conditions in the wider world.2. Perception. The degree that

EGO IDENTITY

1. Psychoanalytical theory.The experience of the self as a recognisable entity. 2. The gradual acquisition of a sense of continuity,

ELABORATIVE REHEARSAL

An encoding strategy to facilitate information of memory linking new information to that already known. See depth of processing hypothesis-

EMERGENTISM

The view that complex phenomena have mergent properties arising from interactions of more basic processes.

EMPIRICAL VALIDITY

The validity that is based on results of observation and experimentation.

ENDOGENOUS

Originating within the body rssulting fromnormal proceses. Compare exogenous.

ENVIRONMENTAL ATTITUDES

Beliefs of people and society in relation to nature, ecology and issues of the environment.

EQUILIBRIUM

The state of mental or physical balance or stability. See homeostasis.

ETHICAL JUDGMENT

1. The moral decision made by a person in a dilemma.2. The faculty of making moral distinctions. Also called moral

EVOLUTIONARY THEORY

A theory accounting for evolution of organisms over successive generations.