Personality Disorders

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SELF-DISCOVERY

a process of looking for your own identity. To discover what a one individual has in his personality and what

SELF-REINFORCEMENT

Rewarding ourselves for appropriate behaviour or attaining a goal. also called self-managed reinforcement.

SHALLOW AFFECT

impairment in ability to react emotionally, even in times of intense feeling. See flat affect.

SMALL-N EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN

an experimental design for a small number of sampling units.

SOCIAL DISAPPROVAL

the rejection and condemnation of a person for an action or behaviour the group sees as wrong. Compare social approval.

SOCIAL OSSIFICATION

behaviour that is hard to change.

SOCIOLOGY

the study of the origin, development, form and organisation of a human society.

STAGNATION

the staying in one stage.

STRATIFIED RANDOM SAMPLING

Is a type of sampling conducted randomly within different strata of the population; the sample obtained is known as stratified

SUBSTITUTION

Substitution of inappropriate feelings or impossible aims with more appropriate and achievable. Substitution can be both positive or negative answer.

SURGENCY

a personality trait that features cheerfulness, spontaneity, responsiveness and sociability.

TARGET POPULATION

the population used for a study.

SELF-EFFICACY

a capacity to bring about a desired result. To bring desired results by performing in an efficient way is known

SELF-REPORT

the answer to a series of questions about our feelings, beliefs and attitudes etc. Self-report relies on us to be

SHAPING

Producing new forms of behaviour by reinforcement and conditioning. also called approximation conditioning; behaviour shaping.

SNOWBALL SAMPLING

A recruitment method for new participants. The current participants are asked to recommend new people for the study.

SOCIAL DISCRIMINATION

the differential treatment of a person based on their social class, cultural background, education, etc. See discrimination.

SOCIAL PENETRATION THEORY

a model that shows a close relationship will get closer as both people disclose more and more intimate things about

SOCIOPATH

A name for a person with a mental disorder that makes him antisocial.

STANDARD

A basis for evaluating the worth of something and how it should be. It is just like a general idea