PUNISHMENT
A factor in operant conditioning. Basically, the process that makes a certain response to a stimulus less probable. As an…
REACTANCE THEORY
The theory describing a motivational state consisting of distress, anxiety and desire to restore freedoms taken away when an individual…
REFERENCE GROUP
Concept which refers to a group with which another group or individual is compared. In sociology, a group that subjects…
RESTRICTED AFFECT
Subdued spectrum or force of emotional expression. See also: flat affect.
SAFETY NEEDS
Second tier in Maslow's hierarchy of needs, following physiological requirements for human survival. These needs include personal security (absence of…
SELECTIVE ATTENTION
Process whereby one pays attention only to messages that address a need or interest or are consistent with the individual's…
PRIMARY DATA
The data first obtained through observation or experiment prior to analysis and statistical work up.
PSYCHOANALYTIC PSYCHOTHERAPY
The conduct of therapy using classic psychoanalysis. It is basically one-on-one interactions between therapist and client examining unconscious motives and…
PSYCHOLOGY
Originally a philosophy, now recognized as study of the mind represented by various disciplines and research including experimental, biological and…
PURPOSIVE BEHAVIORISM
A theory in cognitive learning that states that behavioral acts have an underlying purpose. And that all goals of the…
REACTION TIME (RT)
The time that passes between the introduction of a stimulus and the reaction by the subject to that stimulus.
REFLECTION OF FEELING
With the intent of highlighting implicitly expressed attitudes articulated by a subject, statements by counselors or therapists.
REPEATED MEASURES DESIGN
Framework for research wherein specific individuals are evaluated on specific dependent variables over time, during repeated episodes.
SELECTIVE INATTENTION
Act of ignoring or otherwise screening out of stimuli that are threatening, anxiety-producing, or felt to be unimportant. Conscious or…
PRIMARY EMOTION
Universally accepted and recognized emotions. These include love, hate, joy and surprise.
PROJECTION
A psychoanalytical theory, projection is the process whereby one subject believes they see attributes (both good and bad) in another.…