WITHIN-GROUP VARIANCE
the variance among identically remedied people in the same group or populace. Commonly referred to as intraclass variance.
PRIMARY REINFORCEMENT
Also referred to as unconditioned reinforcement, primary reinforcement is the process by which presentation of a stimulus following a response…
PSYCHOCHEMISTRY
The science that examines the relationship between chemicals, behavior and psychological processes. It is the study of chemical influence on…
PSYCHOPHARMACOTHERAPY
The study and use of pharmacological agents in mental disorders. For example, depression is treated with the administration of anti-depressants.…
PYGMALION EFFECT
An effect caused by the expectations of a superior regarding the performance of their subordinates. It has been called a…
REACTIVE MEASURE
Any measure with the action of altering a response under examination. For instance, if a subject is aware of clinical…
REGRESSION EFFECT
Proclivity of a subject who scores either very high or very low on a test to perform more toward the…
REPRESSION
Psychological act of excluding impulses or desires from consciousness. Exclusion of a specific event from the memory and having no…
REVERSE CAUSALITY
In determining the elements of causal relationships, frequent mistake of confusing the cause with the effect, or the converse.
SALIENCE HYPOTHESIS
The standard principle of perceptual experience dependent upon which particularly salient stimuli (items, individuals, meanings, and so forth) should be…
SECONDARY MOTIVATION
Catalyst constituted by personal or social enticements instead of dominant physiological requirements.
PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS
Statistically, a technique that completely reproduces an interrelationship amongst many correlated variables with a smaller number of "principle components" that…
PSYCHODIAGNOSIS
A diagnostic technique for the determination of underlying factors in behavior and disordered behavior. Also, the diagnosis of disorder through…
PSYCHOPHYSICAL FUNCTION
Also known as psychometric function, psychophysical function is the mathematical relationship comparing the strength of a stimulus and the strength…
QUALITATIVE EVALUATION
An evaluation yielding narratives from unstructured methods of data collection. This approach is characterized by a goal-free evaluation rather than…
REHABILITATION PSYCHOLOGY
Branch of psychology specializing in applying psychological understanding to chronic or disabling heath issues. Promotes prevention and treatment of such…