Substance Abuse Disorders

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DIALECTIC

1. Language. Investigating the truth in ideas through juxtaposition of opposing opinions. 2. Socrates conservational mode of argument. 3. Hegel's

DISABILITY

A lasting impairment that interfers with daily life functioning. See handicap.

DISPERSION

The degree that a group of scores deviate from the mean. Also called spread.

DOUBLE BLIND

An experimental procedure where the nature of the experiment is not known. See blind. Compare single blind- triple blind.

DYSSOCIAL BEHAVIOR

Former name for any behaviour associated with delinquent or criminal activities like racketeering, gangsterism and illegal gambling. Also called sociopathic

EMITTED BEHAVIOR

The natural response to a circumstance not influence by external stimuli. Compare respondent behaviour.

EMOTIONAL STABILITY

The consistency and predictability of emotional reactions. Compare affective lability.

ENVIRONMENTAL MANIPULATION

A way to improve the well-being of people by changing living conditions.

ETHNOPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY

Where issues related to ethnic and cultural variations in using and response to psychoative agents is considered.

EXPERIMENTAL HYPOTHESIS

The premise describing what the experimenter hopes to achieve.

EXTINCTION

1. Biology. Loss of a species or genus completely or in a certain environment. 2. Neurophysiology. A decrease in a

LONG-TERM THERAPY

a therapy which lasts on a long period of time which typically consisting of multiple appointments over months instead of

MANUAL METHOD, MANUALIZED THERAPY

is a method used during experiments which maintains rigid conditions and settings in the study to ensure consistency across the

MEDITATION

is considered an exercise during which the individual enters an extended state of contemplation and reflection over a specific subject

METAEMOTION

is the understanding and awareness of the attitudes given towards others and ones own emotions. For example, I am ashamed

MODELING

is a strand of behavioural modelling whereby learning occurs through observation, therefore classed as vicarious learning and then the leaner

MULTIGENERATIONAL TRANSMISSION PROCESS

when applied to psychological problems is the theory that some conditions such as anxiety are passed on through the generations.

NEGATIVE PUNISHMENT

Is punishment which arises because a stimulus, circumstance or situation is removed as a consequence of a response from that

NONVERBAL BEHAVIOR

behaviors which can dictate a person's outlooks or emotions without the need for speech. Non-verbal behaviors can be apmother or

OBTRUSIVE MEASURE

a way of gathering measurements or observations wherein those partaking know that a measurement is underway.