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APHONIA

u. permanent loss of the ability to vocalize, resulting from disease, damage to the larynx, or certain types of psychological

APOPTOSIS

n. A generally used term for programmed cell death. See also programmed cell death.

APPERSONATION

n. an unusual delusion in which the individual believes him- or herself to be another person. The person the assumes

APPORT

1. in spiritualism, the manifestation or movement, allegedly by supernatural means, of physical objects during a s

APPROPRIATE AFFECT

an expression of mood, emotion or feeling that is congruent with the subject matter being discussed or witnessed.

APTITUDE-TREATMENT INTERACTION

a hypothesis that certain patterns of aptitudes respond better to certain sets of treatments. For example, people with higher spatial

ARCHICORTEX

refers to the cerebral cortex, which has been found to have three distinct layers. See also allocortex.

ARECOLINE

n. a drug related to muscarine, that stimulates specific smooth muscles and glands that typically respond to postganglionic cholinergic agents.

ARITHMETIC DISABILITY

a marked disturbance in the ability to calculate and reason in a logical manner. This is often associated with neurological

AROUSAL

1. a state of physiological alertness and readiness for action. 2. a pervasive state of cortical responsiveness believed to be

ARRAY

n. a two-dimensional, tabular grouping of data where rows represent participants or cases and the columns represent variables. The concept

ARTHROPATHY

n. refers to any inflammatory, neuropathic, or other disease involving a joint. In linguistics, a determinant that limits a noun

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI)

a sub discipline of computer science that aims to produce programs and articles that simulate human intelligence. AI researchers often

ASCH CONFORMITY EFFECT

the tendency for individuals to conform to a greater extent when in groups - particularly in situations like those studied

ASPHYXOPHILIA

n. sexual arousal and enjoyment obtained from being unable to breathe during sexual activity. As a paraphilia, this may involve

ASSISTED DEATH

one person assisting the other to commit suicide, by mutual agreement. This action can take the form of assisted suicide,

ASSOCIATION OF IDEAS

the process by which simple perceptions and ideas are combined into a total idea, which may vary in complexity and

ASSOCIATIVE-CHAIN THEORY

in learning theory some types of behavioral psychology (see behaviorism), a theory of how complex behaviors, including some linguistic behaviors,

ASTIGMATOSCOPE

an instrument used to diagnose and measure the level of corneal curvature abnormality astigmatism) in the eye.

ASYNCHRONOUS BROOD

offspring (usually birds) that are hatched successively, one at a time, (rather than simultaneously, as in a synchronous brood). In