A

n23

ATTENTIONAL CAPTURE

the unintentional focusing of attention, for example by a change in a stimulus, which interrupts other processing - for example,

ATTENUATOR

refers to a calibrated device that accurately controls the intensity of tones or lights on electronic instruments, such as audiometers,

ATTRACTION RELATIONS

refers to patterns of liking-disliking, acceptance-rejection, and inclusion-exclusion among members of a given group. Such patterns may also be known

ATYPICAL CONDUCT DISORDER

in the DSM-lll, this represented a diagnostic category for a disorder that in the DSM-IV-TR, is classified as disruptive behavior

AUBERT PHENOMENON

the illusion that occurs when a vertical line appears to tilt in the opposing direction from the direction the head

AUDIOVERBAL AMNESIA

one type of auditory aphasia in which the individual may be able to retain and repeat certain single words presented

AUDITORY FATIGUE

a relatively transient form of hearing loss, that is usually caused by exposure to a loud noise. It is marked

AUDITORY SENSATION UNIT

refers to the just noticeable difference in sound intensity. See also difference threshold.

AURAL HARMONIC

a distortion that is generated within the ear. See also harmonic.

AUTHORITY PRINCIPLE

refers to the concept that each member of an ordered social hierarchy is expected to comply with the wishes of

AUTOCORRELATION

n. in statistics and experimental design, the correlation of observations with themselves over time - usually experienced in repeated measures

AUTOMAINTENANCE

n. refers to the maintenance of behaviors established by behavior-independent stimulus-reinforcer pairings. For example, key-pecking behavior in pigeons that is

AUTOMATIC SPEAKER RECOGNITION

the concept of a computer recognizing a human voice and the characteristics of his or her speech. Also known as

AUTONOETIC MEMORY

the recall of a personal memory and the simultaneous level of conscious awareness that one is reliving a moment from

AUTONOMOUS DEPRESSION

1. a major depressive episode that that may come on suddenly, but lack an identifiable obvious psychosocial stressor. See also

AUTOREGRESSIVE MODEL

a model used in a time series analysis. In this mode, each successive observation depends, at least in part, on

AUTOTOMY

1. in animal behavior, the spontaneous casting off of a body part. For example, an iguana sheds its tail to

AVERSION SYSTEM

refers to one conception of neuroticism, as represented by an individual's relative sensitivity to aversive (negative, punishing) cues and stimuli

AVOIDANT ATTACHMENT STYLE

refers to an interpersonal style characterized by a discomfort in being close to others - or having rigid interpersonal boundaries.

AXON REFLEX

refers to a peripheral nerve reflex, in which stimulation of nerve fibers cause impulses to pass along the fibers to