A

n23

ARCHICEREBELLUM

n. phylogenetically, this represents the oldest part of the cerebellum.

AREAL LINGUISTICS

the study of specific languages and dialects within a defined geographical area. This branch of linguistics specifically emphasizes regional influences.

ARISTOTLE

the tactile illusion that a single object is actually two objects when held in the crossed index and middle fingers.

AROMATIZATION HYPOTHESIS

the hypothesis that in rodents, testicular androgens enter the brain and are converted into estrogens by the aromatase enzyme. This

ARRANGED MARRIAGE

a marriage planned and contracted by the parents or other relatives of the couple. In cultures in which arranged marriages

ARTHROGRYPOSIS MULTIPLEX CONGENITA

a congenital disorder, caused by genetic factors in 30% of cases. It is marked by distorted joints in different body

ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION (AI)

the use of medical or surgical techniques to achieve conception by introducing sperm into the female reproductive system by artificial

ASCETICISM

n. refers to a character trait or lifestyle characterized by simplicity, the renunciation of physical pleasures, social withdrawal, and extreme

ASPHYXIA

refers to a condition whereby the level of oxygen in the blood falls below normal, while the proportion of carbon

ASSIMILATION

n. 1. in Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, the process of incorporating new information into pre-existing cognitive schemas. See

ASSOCIATION NUCLEI

nuclei of the thalamus that does not receive direct input from the ascending sensory systems. These nuclei connect widely to

ASSOCIATIVE THINKING

an unconscious or uncontrolled cognitive activity in which the mind wanders

ASTIGMATISM

n. a visual disorder that occurs when the light rays of a visual stimulus do not all focus on a

ASYMPTOTE

n. 1. in statistics, a hypothetical straight line that a regular curve approaches but never reaches, as it approaches infinity.

ATAXIC GAIT

a wide-based, staggering gait, that is often seen in individuals with cerebellar damage, or ataxia.

ATOMISM

n. 1. the view that psychological phenomena can best be understood by dividing and then studying elementary units. Commonly seen

ATTENDANT CARE

1. nonmedical, in-home personal care provided to individuals with a physical or mental disability. Typically, these people can live independently

ATTENTIONAL FOCUS

the direction of an individual

ATTITUDE MEASURE

a procedure in which individuals' attitudes and responses are assigned quantitative values. Several broad categories of this type of measure

ATTRIBUTABLE RISK

in epidemiology, the incidence rate of a disease or disorder that can be considered to have been caused by exposure