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SEASONAL VARIATION

Often attributed to photoperiodism, changes which occur in behavioral, psychological, and physiological patterns as seasons vary or in reaction to

SECONDARY CONTROL

Behavior pattern which does not directly control the environment, but is intended to alter oneself to be more compatible with

SECONDARY POSITION

In binocular fixation, any position besides the primary one.

SECOND-ORDER CONDITIONING

Use of a previously successfully conditioned stimulus as the unconditioned stimulus for further conditioning, employed in Pavlovian conditioning. See: higher

SECURITY

Feelings of basic safety, assurance, and independence from alarm. In psychology, is regarded to be engendered by such conditions as

SEGREGATION ANALYSIS

Enumeration of progeny according to distinct and mutually exclusive phenotypes; used as a test of a putative pattern of inheritance

SELECTIVE CELL DEATH

Process in initial development wherein neurons which are not stimulated by sensory or motor experience wither and die.

SELECTIVE VALUE

Comparative significance of any aspect in assessing the evolution of internal organs, characteristics, or species by means of natural selection.

SADISTIC PERSONALITY DISORDER

Personality disorder which is marked by a pervasive pattern of cruel, demeaning, and aggressive behavior. Satisfaction is gained in intimidating,

SALICYLATES

Class of medications based on salicin (obtained from the bark of the willow tree) or its compounds; employed as analgesics,

SAMHSA

Abbreviated notation for the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration.

SAMPLING VARIABILITY

Degree to which the importance of a statistic varies across a variety of samples from the median importance for any

SATIETY

Condition of being satisfied completely, inhibiting the desire to have more.

SCAFFOLDING

Epistemological method of embodied cognition , wherein the environment that an agent functions within is observed as a sine qua

SCAPEGOAT THEORY

Social psychological term that relates to prejudice. According to this theory, people may be prejudice toward a group in order

SCHEDULE OF REINFORCEMENT

Any type of guideline used in conditioning which outlines which responses will be reinforced. Also known as: reinforcement schedule. See

SCHIZOPHRENIA

Psychotic disorder (or a group of disorders) marked by severely impaired thinking, emotions, and behaviors. Patients are typically unable to

SCHOLASTIC ACHIEVEMENT TEST

Any examination which assesses a pupil's comprehension and aptitude within core subjects of education, such as history, science, mathematics, or

SCHWANN CELL

Any of the cells of the peripheral nervous system which wraps around a nerve fiber and covers the axons to

SCIENTIST-PRACTITIONER MODEL

Principle for the graduate instruction of doctoral clinical (or various other applied) psychology professionals in the US, which is designed