NICOTINE DEPENDENCE
is described in the DSM (Diagnostic Statistical Manual) as: a cluster of cognitive, behavioural, and physiological symptoms indicating continued use…
NICOTINE WITHDRAWAL
is described in the DSM (Diagnostic Statistical Manual) as: Dysphoria or depressed mood- insomnia- irritability, frustration, or anger- anxiety- difficulty…
NICOTINIC ACID
is a precursor molecule to the substance coenzyme NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) and other related coenzymes.
NICOTINIC RECEPTOR
is one of the many acetylcholine receptors found at neuromuscular junctions in the body which respond to nicotine.
NICTITATING MEMBRANE
is otherwise known commonly as the third eyelid is a thin fold of semi-transparent membrane which can be pulled across…
NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE
was first described by Albert Niemann (1880 - 1921) where is an inherited inability to effectively store lipids which is…
NIGHT BLINDNESS
otherwise known as nyctalopia, night blindness is a visual impairment where individuals are partially or completely inable to see objects…
NIGHT HOSPITAL
is a unit found within a main hospital (usually) which provides its services during the evening.
NIGHT-EATING SYNDROME
was first described by Albert J. Stunkard in 1955 who characterized the night-eating syndrome as having the following symptoms- insomnia,…
NIGHTMARE DISORDER
is described in the DSM (Diagnostic Statistical Manual) as: a sleep disorder characterized by the repeated occurrence of frightening dreams…
NIGHTMARE-DEATH SYNDROME
otherwise known as the nocturnal-death syndrome which is observed especially in the individuals of south eat Asian descent who then…
NIGROSTRIATAL TRACT
travels between the substantia nigra to the striatum attached to the basal ganglia.
NIHIL EX NIHILO FIT
was first introduced by Parmenides, a Greek philosopher around 480 BC. It is a simple expression, in Latin, which simply…
NIRVANA PRINCIPLE
with respect to psychoanalytic theory, the Nirvana principle is the idea that all instincts and life principles aim to remove…
NISSL BODIES
was first proposed by Franz Nissl (1860 - 1919) which are microscopic particles which consist of only granular endoplasmic reticulum…
NISSL METHOD
first coined by Franz Nissl which describes the process used to stain neurons for microscopic examination.