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ATTENTIONAL STRATEGY

a pattern of attentional focus for the purpose of the most efficient execution of a task. For example, a paramedic

ATTITUDE SCALE

a measure or assessment used to assess an attitude - usually for the purpose of comparison.

ATTRIBUTE MODEL OF MEMORY

a model in which different brain regions process different dimensions or attributes of a situation. For example, space, time, sensory

ATYPICAL FEATURES

symptoms of a major depressive episode or dysthymic disorder that are different from the diagnostic criteria. They may comprise improvement

AUDIENCE MEASUREMENT

refers to techniques used to assess the number of individuals who are likely to be exposed to a particular media

AUDITORY AMNESIA

refers to the permanent loss of the ability to comprehend sounds or speech. See also Wernicke

AUDITORY LABYRINTH

the canals, ducts, and cavities in the temporal bone of the skull that contains sensory receptors for hearing. The cochlea

AUDITORY THRESHOLD I

refers to the minimum level of sound that can be detected and reported by an organism. See also absolute threshold-

AUTASSASSINOPHILIA

n. a paraphilia in which sexual arousal is facilitated by the belief or fantasy that the person is in danger

AUTISTIC SPECTRUM DISORDER

any one of several pervasive developmental disorders with an onset typically occurring during the preschool years. Each disorder is characterized

AUTOEROTIC ASPHYXIATION

refers to sexual pleasure obtained from being deprived of air during masturbation. It may involve the person hanging him- or

AUTOMATED NATURAL LANGUAGE UNDERSTANDING

refers to an understanding of speech or writing through computer-based processes. Understanding, in this context, means determining the meaning of

AUTOMATION

n. the state or condition in which activities are carried out automatically, especially by electronically controlled systems. This behavior is

AUTONOMIC CONDITIONING

the process describing the achievement of conscious control over autonomic processes (e.g., heart rate) through biofeedback training, meditation, yoga, or

AUTONOMY VERSUS SHAME AND DOUBT

refers to the second of Erik Erikson

AUTOSHAPING

n. a method of shaping a behavior using rewards only elicited by responses. It is most commonly used with pigeons

AUXILIARY VERB

refers to a verb that is used to indicate the tense, mood, or voice of another verb. For example: in

AVERSIVE STIMULUS

refers to any stimulus or occurrence that evokes avoidance behavior or escape behavior in an individual. Also known as an

AVOIDANT PERSONALITY DISORDER

in the DSM-IV-TR, a personality disorder characterized by (a) hypersensitivity to rejection and criticism, (b) a desire for uncritical acceptance,

AXOPLASMIC TRANSPORT, AXONAL VARICOSITIES

refers to enlarged areas of an axon that contain synaptic vesicles and also release neurotransmitter molecules.