RESTRICTION OF RANGE
Imposition of conditions by a researcher which limit the whole range of scores having been collected to a very constrained…
REVERSE CAUSALITY
In determining the elements of causal relationships, frequent mistake of confusing the cause with the effect, or the converse.
ROLANDIC CORTEX
Motor area of the cerebral cortex lying just anterior to the central sulcus and comprising part of the precentral gyrus;…
RUFFINI'S CORPUSCLE
Type of gradually adjusting mechanoreceptor, believed to occur solely in the glabrous dermis and subcutaneous tissue of human beings. Thought…
SCHEDULE OF REINFORCEMENT
Any type of guideline used in conditioning which outlines which responses will be reinforced. Also known as: reinforcement schedule. See…
SECONDARY CIRCULAR REACTION
Posited in Jean Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development, recurrent activity which emerges in infant behavior patterns at around 4-5 months…
SELECTION BIAS
Statistical bias in which there is an error in choosing the individuals or groups to take part in a scientific…
PRIMAL SADISM
The theory that the death instinct has an aspect that mirrors masochism and remains in the individual as part of…
PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS
Statistically, a technique that completely reproduces an interrelationship amongst many correlated variables with a smaller number of "principle components" that…
PROCEDURAL JUSTICE
Procedural justice is the recognized legal proceedings in court. The procedures must be followed to assure a fair and impartial…
PROJECTIVE PLAY
A form of play therapy utilizing dolls and other types of toys. Children are allowed to use the toys to…
PROXIMAL STIMULUS
Physical energy from a stimulus that then directly stimulates the sense organ or receptor in the organ.
PSYCHOANALYSIS
Psychoanalysis, as formulated by its developer, Dr. Sigmund Freud, is a treatment of psychological disorder and treatments. It is based…
PSYCHOLOGICAL REFRACTORY PERIOD (PRP)
The period of time following a response to a given second stimulus, when it is presented only a short period…
PSYCHOSOCIAL APPROACH
The emphasis on social and cultural influences in psychological theory, research and practices.
QUANTITATIVE APPROACH
Freud's theory that when it comes to mental processes, there is a qualitative and quantitative quality when it comes to…
REACTIVE MEASURE
Any measure with the action of altering a response under examination. For instance, if a subject is aware of clinical…
RECENCY EFFECT
A phenomena in memory showing that data presented most recently is remembered more efficiently than other information the subject was…
RECONSTRUCTIVE MEMORY
Achieving remembrance by analytically reconstructing past events which are incomplete within the subject's memory. Derives from common knowledge and schemas,…