ETHICAL DILEMMA
The situation where 2 moral principles are in conflict. This is used to assess moral beliefs or moral reasoning skills.…
EXPERIENCE
1. The conscious event. 2. Present content of consciousness. 3. An event resulting in earning.
EXTERNALIZATION
1. defense mechanism where our thoughts and feelings are attributed to the external world. 2. Process of learning to distinguish…
LIKERT SCALE
a scale which measures a perceived opinion of an object by a participant by using statements which reflect either a…
MANIPULATION CHECK
A sub-test to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the experimental design used in a study.
MEDIATING BEHAVIOR
behaviours that can increase the rate or more likely increase the probability of reinforcement of the target behaviour.
MESSAGE-LEARNING APPROACH
first proposed by U.S. psychologist Carl I. Hovland (1912 - 1961) which implies that a change in attitude can be…
MULTICULTURAL COUNSELING
in the context of psychotherapies, multicultural counselling is a type of therapy which takes into account both racial and ethnic…
NEGATIVE AFFECT
is an internal feeling or emotion which is typically experienced after one has failed to complete a task or goal,…
OBJECTIVITY
1. the propensity to base decisions and perceptions on exterior information instead of on subjective aspects, like private emotions, beliefs,…
OVERSHADOWING
noun. with regard to Pavlovian conditioning, a lessening in conditioning with one conditioned stimulant because of the existence of another…
PASSIVE LISTENING
with regard to psychotherapy and counseling, attentive listening by a counselor or therapy professional without impeding upon or disrupting the…
PERCEIVED SELF-EFFICACY
postulated by Albert Bandura as a primary determinant of emotional and motivational conditions and behavioral change, a person's subjective comprehension…
PERTURBATION
noun. 1. an anxious or stressful cognitive state. With regard to the framework of a complete or tried suicide, it…
PLACEBO EFFECT
a clinically substantial reaction to a therapeutically inert compound or non-particular remediation. It is now recognized that placebo effects comes…
ACCEPTANCE
noun. 1. an agreeable demeanor toward a concept, position, individual, or group. In regards to therapy, a welcoming and open-minded…
ACTIVE RECREATION
a type of leisure treatment where a person actively takes part in an operation, like running, which demands actual physical…