RESPIRATION
Act of inhaling and exhaling, known as breathing. Oxidative process by which living cells use the chemical energy of organic…
RESPONSE COST
Conditioning process in which specific responses result in punishment, usually the loss of valued resources. See also: negative punishment.
RESTORATIVE JUSTICE
Method of application for criminal justice where the focus is on rehabilitating offenders and making reparation to victims.
RETICULAR MEMBRANE
A net-like membrane covering the spiral organ of the ear; the free ends of the outer hair cells pass through…
RETROGRADE TRANSPORT
Travel along a neural axon of specific substances toward the body of the cell. See also: axonal transport.
REVERSAL ERROR
Characteristic of dyslexia when inappropriate to level of development, error wherein a letter or word is written in an inverted…
REVIVIFICATION
Method of hypnosis wherein suggestion is employed to coax an individual to revive buried or suppressed memories.
RHINAL FISSURE
In the brain, a cleft present on the anterior medial surface of each temporal lobe. Also known as: rhinal sulcus.
RIGHT-LEFT ORIENTATION TEST
Any evaluative measure which discerns the aptitude to effectively differentiate right and left directions.
RISK PERCEPTION
Risk as it is assessed through individual judgment as correlated with specific dangers. Past experiences, age, gender, and culture all…
RIVASTIGMINE
Marketed under the trade name Exelon, a parasympathomimetic or cholinergic agent in treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer's-type dementia and…
RODS OF CORTI
A dual row of inflexible tower-like arrangements which make up an arch in the tunnel of Corti within the cochlea.
ROOTEDNESS
In Erich Fromm's psychoanalytic theory, imperative to originate relationships or links with other individuals which offer emotional safety and function…
ROTE LEARNING
Form of trying to learn wherein obtaining knowledge takes place by means of memory drills and repetition, in some cases…
RUBIN'S FIGURE
An equivocal shape which may be identified both as being a single goblet or as two faces in profile. Also…